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This article has been inspired by Emily and it is dedicated to her with my warmest wishes to see the lands inhabited by the Inca people by herself as soon as possible!
Happy birthday, Emily!

The idea of beauty which Incas had was completely different than our modern beauty concepts. Despite it was a privilege to the wealthiest Incas to achieve it.

It was a common practice among the rich Incas to perform cranial deformation - head flattening, or head binding.
They distorted the normal growth of a baby's skull by applying force. The most frequently used shapes were:
-\tflat,
-\telongated - produced by binding between two pieces of wood,
-\trounded - binding in cloth,
-\tconical.

The procedures were carried out on an infant, as the skull is most pliable at this time. In a typical case, head binding begins approximately a month after birth and continues for about six months.

Usually it is a part of a cultural ritual, aimed at creating a skull shape which is aesthetically more pleasing or associated with desirable attributes such as intelligence. For example, a person with a finely elongated head is thought to be more intelligent, of higher status, and closer to the world of the spirits.


Photo: An enlongated skull.







Inca People - Trivia
The Inca had no method of writing so they developed a system of knotted cords, called quipus. The cords were various colours with single, double or triple knots tied in them and hung from a plain main cord. They were only read by an official called a Quipucamayoc.


The Inca people were known as the Romans of the ancient world because of their amazing ability for building roads and fortresses. Although the wheel had been invented by the Mesopotamians the Inca people were not familiar with that invention.


Cuzco   grew from a small village into the capital city. The layout of the city was said to be the shape of a puma, with the great fortress of Sacashuaman forming the head.

The Spaniard Pizarro arrived in 1532, with an army of 200 men. In a few years they had destroyed the mighty Incan Empire.  The Empire lasted for 90 years.


Inca surgeons commonly and successfully removed small portions of patients' skulls to treat head injuries. The surgical procedure-known as trepanation-was most often performed on adult men, likely to treat injuries suffered during combat, researchers say.



Incans did not have a language in which they could write in, so all the laws in the empire were memorized by designated memorizers. There were three main laws:
1.\tDon't steal.
2.\tDon't lie.
3.\tDon't be lazy.